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Autoimmune vs Infectious Encephalitis and Psychiatric Disorders
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When unexplained changes in behavior, cognition, or physical function occur, the root cause is often elusive. Three common yet complex culprits—autoimmune encephalitis, infectious encephalitis, and psychiatric disorders—can present in similar ways but require vastly different approaches. Misdiagnosis can delay appropriate treatment and significantly impact outcomes, making it critical to distinguish among them with clarity and care.
Autoimmune encephalitis and infectious encephalitis are both neurological conditions that inflame the brain, but they stem from very different sources. Meanwhile, psychiatric disorders, though non-inflammatory, often mimic the cognitive and behavioral disturbances seen in encephalitic processes. Understanding the nuances between these conditions is essential for accurate diagnosis, effective treatment, and compassionate care.